Obesity and COVID Risk Factors

Overview

COVID-19 is a respiratory illness caused by a SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. Symptoms can feel like a cold or flu. COVID-19 can lead to pneumonia and severe acute respiratory syndrome in severe cases, which may lead a person to be hospitalized, need intensive care, and/or require use of a ventilator to support breathing.

Obesity is associated with severe COVID-19 in several ways:

Obesity is considered a risk factor for severe COVID-19. It is independent of other illnesses like high blood pressure.
Obesity can lead to respiratory dysfunction, such as higher airway resistance and weaker respiratory muscles, making individuals more susceptible to pneumonia and placing additional stress on the heart.
Obesity is also associated with diabetes, heart disease, and kidney disease, which increase the risk of developing pneumonia.
Obesity also increases the chances of long COVID

People who are obese may consider these actions and treatments related to COVID-19:

Reducing risk of developing COVID-19:
- Keeping up-to-date with recommended COVID vaccinations.
- Minimizing close contact with people who have COVID-19.
- Avoiding crowded places where there is an increased chance of being exposed to someone with COVID-19.
- Reducing weight. A healthcare provider or dietician can help assess your weight and assist in developing a plan for weight loss.
Reducing risk of developing severe COVID-19:
- Get tested if you suspect you have COVID-19 due to symptoms or exposure to someone with COVID-19.
- If you test positive for COVD-19, contact a doctor. They can assess your symptoms and advise on treatment options to reduce the risk of severe illness.
Recognizing the warning signs of COVD-19 for seeking emergency medical care:
- Trouble breathing
- Pale, gray, or blue-colored skin, lips, or nail beds
- Persistent pressure in the chest or chest pain
- New confusion
- Inability to wake or difficulty staying awake

Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice.