Feeding Tube for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
A feeding tube is a small, flexible tube that is used to deliver nutrition, hydration, and medications to someone who is unable to eat or drink. It is often used as a treatment for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disease that damages motor neurons and can lead to difficulty swallowing.
The feeding tube is inserted by a healthcare professional through the nose, mouth, or abdomen of the patient. The procedure can be done with the patient in a supine position (lying on their back). Before the procedure, the tube and stylet (a wire-like instrument) are wet with sterile water to activate the lubrication material on their surfaces.
The following steps describe how the tube is inserted:
- The tube is inserted along the wall of one nostril while the patient's head is slightly bent forward.
- As the tube is inserted into the larynx (part of the throat), the patient's head is bent slightly towards their chest.
- The tube needs to be continuously pushed slowly forward until the tip reaches the target position.
- To confirm that the tube tip has reached the stomach, gas is injected through the tube.
- Once confirmed, the stylet is removed with gentle tugs until it becomes loose.
- The tube is then inserted an additional 25 cm and the guide wire is completely removed.
- Lastly, the tube is fixed to the patient's face with a free loop and its migration distance is observed.
After the procedure, it's important to rest and allow your abdomen to heal for about five to seven days. A dietitian will meet with you to show you how to use the feeding tube for feeding and educate you on how to care for it. Drainage around the tube is normal for a day or two, and a nurse will likely change your dressing regularly. Feeling pain around the incision site for a few days is normal, but it's important to keep the area dry and clean to avoid skin irritation or infection.
While complications from a feeding tube are rare, there are some potential risks and precautions to be aware of, including:
- Watch for signs of infection such as redness, swelling, or fever around the insertion site.
- If you have trouble with formula flow or if the tube becomes blocked, contact your doctor.
- If your feeding tube comes out accidentally, seek medical attention immediately.
- If you notice bleeding around the insertion site, contact your doctor.
- Before leaving the hospital or clinic after getting a feeding tube, make sure you understand how to care for it and when to contact your doctor.
Remember that these instructions are general guidelines and may vary depending on individual circumstances. It's always important to consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice and guidance throughout your treatment journey.