Diagnosing Overactive Bladder (OAB)
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a condition characterized by frequent urges to pass urine during the day and night. People with OAB may experience difficulty holding their urine, resulting in urgency and sometimes urinary incontinence.
To diagnose OAB, healthcare providers may perform several examinations, screening tests, and procedures. These help determine the type, severity, or stage of OAB. Specialists who may be involved in diagnosing OAB are urologists, who treat urinary tract issues.
Examinations, screening tests, and procedures used to diagnose OAB include:
- Physical examination: Healthcare providers may perform a physical examination to check for tenderness around the abdomen and kidneys or an enlarged prostate.
- Urine sample (Urinalysis): A sample of urine is collected and tested for any abnormalities, such as blood or signs of a urinary tract infection. This test helps identify urinary tract problems.
- Bladder scan: This test uses ultrasound to measure the amount of urine remaining in the bladder after urination. It helps assess bladder emptying.
- Urodynamic testing: A series of tests that evaluate the bladder's ability to hold and store urine. These tests can provide information about bladder function.
- Cystoscopy: During this procedure, a lighted scope is inserted into the bladder while the patient is sedated. It helps identify any abnormalities within the bladder, such as stones or tumors.
Additionally, for determining the type, severity, or stage of OAB, doctors may use additional examinations, tests, or procedures:
- Flow rate testing: This measures how fast urine is passed out of the body and can provide information about bladder function.
- Electromyography: This test measures nerve and muscle activity around the bladder and urinary tract using electrodes.
- Cystometry: During this procedure, a thin catheter is inserted to measure and test the pressure in the bladder. It provides information about bladder function.
It's important to note that these tests should be performed by qualified healthcare providers who can interpret the results accurately. If you suspect you have OAB or have concerns about your urinary health, it's always best to consult with a healthcare providers who can guide you through the diagnosis process and recommend appropriate treatment options tailored to your specific needs.