Diagnosing Vestibular Migraine

Overview

Vestibular migraines are a type of neurological condition that can affect your sense of balance. Unlike other types of migraines that primarily cause severe headaches, vestibular migraines often come with symptoms of vertigo, or sensation that the ground is moving even when you're standing still.

To diagnose vestibular migraines, doctors typically conduct a thorough evaluation of a person's medical history and symptoms. They may also perform certain examinations, tests, or procedures to confirm the diagnosis and determine the type, severity, or stage of vestibular migraines. Here is an overview of the diagnostic process:

Medical History and Physical Examination:

• A general practitioner or a neurologist specializing in the nervous system is usually involved in diagnosing vestibular migraines.
• The doctor will ask about the person's medical history and conduct a physical examination.
• They will gather information on symptoms and their frequency, duration, and intensity. This information will be assessed to see if symptoms fit the definition of vestibular migraine:
  • Current or history of migraines
  • Moderate or severe vestibular symptoms lasting from 5 minutes to 72 hours
  • Half of the episodes occurring with a migraine headache, visual disturbances, or discomfort with sound or light
  • At least five episodes of either vestibular symptoms happening alone or alongside a migraine headache

Based upon initial findings and individual factors, additional tests and procedures that may be performed, including:

• Blood tests: These tests can help rule out other medical conditions that may have similar symptoms.
• Imaging tests: CT scans and MRI scans may be recommended to rule out structural abnormalities in the brain that could be causing the symptoms.
• Lumbar puncture (spinal tap): In some cases, a doctor may perform this procedure to analyze cerebrospinal fluid for any signs of infection or inflammation.
• Dilated eye exam: This exam allows doctors to examine the blood vessels at the back of the eye and check for any abnormalities.
• consultation with a neurologist.
• Consultation with a specialist: If there is any doubt about the diagnosis or if further expertise is needed, a doctor may recommend consultation with a headache specialist.

If you suspect you have vestibular migraines or any other health concern, it's best to consult with your doctor for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment options.