Hashimoto's Disease and Iodine
Hashimoto's thyroiditis, also known as Hashimoto's disease, is an autoimmune condition where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland. The body’s white blood cells build up in the thyroid and cause it to be damaged. The thyroid may then be unable to make enough thyroid hormone. This may cause hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid). Thyroid hormone affects many metabolic (energy-using) functions of the body. People with low levels of thyroid hormone may feel fatigue, have a slow heart rate, gain weight, have trouble tolerating cold, have dry skin, have thinning hair, and experience muscle and joint pain.
Iodine is an essential mineral for thyroid health for most people. The thyroid uses iodine to make thyroid hormone. The recommendations for dietary iodine intake can vary depending on individual circumstances. It is important to note that iodine requirements for people with Hashimoto's can differ from those without the condition. Iodine may make hypothyroidism worse in people with Hashimoto’s disease.
Here are some key points to consider regarding dietary iodine for people with Hashimoto's:
- Recommendation for Dietary Iodine: The American Thyroid Association suggests that individuals with Hashimoto's thyroiditis should follow a diet that provides adequate but not excessive amounts of iodine. The goal is to maintain a balanced intake to support thyroid function without triggering inflammation.
- Safe Amount of Iodine: It is best to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the appropriate iodine intake for your specific needs. A dietician may help with food choices that are lower in iodine.
- Foods High in Iodine: Examples of foods that may be high in iodine include:
- Seafood: Fish such as cod, tuna, shrimp, and seaweed (nori).
- Dairy Products: Milk, yogurt, and cheese contain iodine, especially if they are sourced from animals fed with iodine-rich feed.
- Iodized Salt: Table salt fortified with iodine is a common source of this mineral.
- Some Fruits and Vegetables: Certain fruits and vegetables grown in soil rich in iodine may contain small amounts of the mineral. Examples include strawberries, cranberries, potatoes, and spinach.
It's important to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian who specializes in thyroid health to provide advice regarding your specific dietary needs.