Medication Options to Treat Diarrhea

Overview

There are different types of medications that can be used to treat diarrhea. Each medication type has a specific effect in helping to treat diarrhea, and it is important to be aware of the precautions and potential side effects associated with each medication.

• Antidiarrheals:
• Loperamide: This medication can help reduce the incidence of diarrhea. Loperamide works by affecting the opiate receptors in the intestine, which slows down the contractions of the intestines and how quickly its contents pass through. This allows more time for water reabsorption, which helps to firm up stools and reduce diarrhea.
  • Potential side effects include:
    • Dry mouth
    • Nausea
    • Passing wind
    • Stomach cramps
    • Ileus (temporary lack of muscle contraction in the intestine)
    • Constipation
    • Dizziness
    • Tiredness
    • Difficulty emptying urine from the bladder
  • It is important to note that loperamide is not a controlled substance, but there is a risk of overdosage and severe adverse reactions.
• Bismuth subsalicylate: This medication works by reducing inflammation in the intestines and slowing down the movement of the intestines. This helps to decrease the frequency of bowel movements and alleviate diarrhea symptoms.
  • Potential side effects include:
    • Darkening of the tongue or stools
    • Constipation
    • Ringing in the ears
  • It is important to note that bismuth subsalicylate should not be used by individuals who are allergic to aspirin or salicylates.
• Antispasmodics:
  • Hyoscyamine and dicyclomine: These reduce muscle contractions in the intestines and slow down stool movement.
  • Bile acid sequestrants: These can bind to excess bile in the intestine that may lead to diarrhea.
  • Alosetron hydrochloride: This medication is approved by the FDA for treating irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in females whose primary symptom is diarrhea. It works by affecting serotonin receptors in the gut.

It is important to note that while over-the-counter medications can be helpful for acute diarrhea, if symptoms persist or worsen, it is recommended to consult a doctor for further evaluation and treatment options. Additionally, it is always advisable to speak with a doctor before starting any new medication to ensure it does not interfere with other medications being taken or affect any underlying health conditions.

Medication dosing may be affected by many factors. Check with your health care professional about dosing for your individual situation. Other side effects can occur. Check with your health care professional or read the information provided with your medication for additional side effect information.