Congenital Malformations

Congenital malformations are structural or functional abnormalities present at birth, which can affect different parts of the body such as the brain, heart, or limbs. These abnormalities can be caused by genetic factors, environmental factors, or a combination of both. They are a leading cause of disability and can have serious effects on the health and survival of affected individuals. Understanding the causes and risk factors for congenital malformations is important for prevention and early intervention.