Diagnosing Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas
Dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs), also known as dural arteriovenous malformations, are abnormal connections between arteries and veins within the dura mater, which is the outermost layer covering the brain and spinal cord. Specialists involved in diagnosing DAVF may include neurologists, neurosurgeons, or interventional radiologists. To diagnose DAVFs, doctors may perform several examinations, screening tests, and procedures such as:
- Physical exam and medical history: The diagnostic process starts with a physical exam and medical history. During this exam, the doctor will evaluate your symptoms, vital signs, and ask about factors such as when your symptoms started and their severity.
- Duplex ultrasound: This test uses two types of ultrasound technology to examine how blood flows through your blood vessels. It helps doctors assess the blood flow in the affected area.
- Angiography: Angiography creates images of your blood vessels to evaluate their structure and blood flow. It can involve the injection of a special dye for better visualization. Traditional angiography uses X-rays and a catheter, while less invasive options like CT scan and MRI scan are also available.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA): MRI with MRA is often the preferred diagnostic procedure for suspected spinal DAVF. It provides detailed images of the spinal cord and surrounding blood vessels.
It's important to note that these examinations, tests, or procedures should be performed by healthcare professionals who specialize in diagnosing and treating dural arteriovenous fistulas. If you suspect you have DAVF or have concerns about your symptoms, it is essential to consult with a healthcare provider who can provide appropriate guidance based on your individual situation.