Diagnosing Dissecting Aneurysm
A dissecting aneurysm happens when an aneurysm in the aorta develops a tear in its inner layer, allowing blood to flow between the layers of the artery wall. This creates a separation (or dissection) within the wall, weakening the vessel. If the tear extends, it can lead to serious complications, including a rupture of the artery, which can be life-threatening.
To diagnose a dissecting aneurysm, there are several examinations, screening tests, and procedures that may be done. Specialists that may be involved in diagnosing a dissecting aneurysm include doctors, nurses, physician's assistants, and lab technicians. These tests may include:
- Physical exam: During a physical exam, a healthcare provider may check for differences in blood pressure between the arms, weak pulses, heart murmurs, sudden back or chest pain, and neurological symptoms, as these can indicate disrupted blood flow from a tear.
- Lab tests: Your healthcare provider may recommend specific lab tests such as a blood draw to check for any problems out of the norm.
- Imaging studies: Various imaging studies can provide detailed information about the size, shape, and location of the aneurysm. These may include:
- Computed tomography angiography (CTA): This scan provides detailed images of blood vessels and can help determine the location, size, and extent of a dissection, including any associated aneurysm, in the aorta.
- Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA): This test uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of your blood vessels and can provide information about the size, shape, and location of the aneurysm or tear.
- Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE): TEE uses sound waves to create images of the aorta from inside the esophagus (a tube leading to the stomach). This test provides a close-up view of the aorta, especially near the heart, and is useful for identifying dissections in emergency situations.
- Transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE): TTE is an ultrasound of the heart and aorta, done from outside the chest. It’s less detailed but can sometimes be used as a first step to check for problems. If a dissection is suspected, doctors usually follow up with TEE, CTA, or MRA for a more detailed view.
These examinations, screening tests, and procedures help identify key factors about a dissecting aneurysm, such as its size, shape, location, and blood flow in the affected blood vessels. . It's important to remember that these tests should be recommended by healthcare professionals based on individual needs. If you have any concerns or questions about diagnosing a dissecting aneurysm, it's always best to consult with a doctor who can provide personalized advice tailored to your situation.