Diagnosing Endometrial Cancer
Endometrial cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the inner lining of the uterus, called the endometrium. It’s one of the most common cancers affecting the female reproductive system.
To diagnose endometrial cancer, doctors may use several examinations, tests, and procedures. These help confirm the diagnosis and determine the type, severity, or stage of the cancer. Specialists involved in diagnosing endometrial cancer may include obstetrician-gynecologists (OB-GYNs) and surgeons. Here are some of the examinations, tests, and procedures used:
- Medical history and physical exam: The doctor will ask about a person's symptoms and medical history. They will also perform a pelvic exam to check for any abnormalities.
- Endometrial tissue sampling: To definitively diagnose endometrial cancer, a procedure called endometrial tissue sampling is necessary. This procedure directly samples the tissue of the endometrium (the lining of the uterus). The Pap smear is not a reliable screening procedure for detecting endometrial cancer.
Healthcare professionals may order additional tests to gather more information about the cancer. These tests may include:
- Imaging studies: Imaging studies such as ultrasounds or MRIs can help visualize the uterus and surrounding structures.
- Laparoscopy: Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure used to view the pelvic area. A surgeon inserts a camera or laparoscope through a small incision in the pelvis to visualize the presence of endometrial cancer.
- Biopsy: A biopsy involves taking a small sample of tissue from the uterus for examination under a microscope.
It's important to note that while these examinations, tests, and procedures are commonly used in diagnosing endometrial cancer, they should always be performed by healthcare professionals. If you have any concerns or symptoms related to endometrial cancer, it's best to consult with your doctor who can provide personalized advice based on your specific situation.