Complications of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in Children
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is a type of cancer that affects the lymphatic system, which is part of the body's immune system. In children, NHL is one of the most common cancers, accounting for about 7% of all cancers in patients under 20 years of age. While treatment options for NHL have improved over the years, there are still potential complications that can arise during and after treatment.
Complications may be from NHL or its treatment. Here are some complications of NHL in children and ways to prevent or treat them:
- Infections: NHL causes production of abnormal cells of the lymphatic system, resulting in a weakened immune system. A weakened immune system increases the chances of infections.
- Heart and lung issues: Long-term survivors of pediatric NHL are at an elevated risk for heart and lung complications from chemotherapy treatment. These can include heart failure or damage to the heart muscle, as well as lung issues like decreased lung function or scarring. To prevent these complications, it is important for survivors to have regular check-ups with their healthcare provider and to adopt a healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise and avoiding smoking.
- Cognitive impairment: Some children who have undergone treatment for NHL may experience cognitive impairment, which can affect their thinking, memory, and ability to learn. This can be caused by the cancer itself or by treatments such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy. To support cognitive function, it is important for children to receive appropriate educational support and interventions if needed. Cognitive rehabilitation programs may also be beneficial in improving cognitive skills.
- Long-term complications: Survivors of pediatric NHL may also experience other long-term complications such as infertility, hormonal imbalances, growth problems, or secondary cancers. Regular monitoring by healthcare providers can help identify and manage these complications early on.
It's important to note that each individual's experience with NHL and its complications can vary. If you or your child has been diagnosed with NHL or is undergoing treatment, it's important to work closely with your healthcare team to understand your specific risks and develop a personalized plan for prevention and management of complications. Remember to always consult with your doctor before trying any home remedies or over-the-counter medications.