Diagnosing Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD)
Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) is a group of rare disorders that are associated with pregnancy, often occurring during early pregnancy. To diagnose GTD, doctors may perform several examinations, screening tests, and procedures. These tests help confirm the diagnosis and determine the type, severity, or stage of GTD. Specialists involved in diagnosing GTD may include doctors, nurses, physician's assistants, and lab technicians.
Here are some of the examinations, tests, and procedures commonly used:
- Physical exam and history: During this exam, the doctor will check for general signs of health and ask about your medical history. They may also perform a pelvic exam to examine the vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and rectum. This helps identify any signs of disease.
- Ultrasound exam of the pelvis: This procedure uses high-energy sound waves (ultrasound) to create images of the internal tissues or organs in the pelvis. It helps doctors visualize any abnormalities in the uterus or ovaries.
- Blood chemistry studies: This involves checking a blood sample to measure the levels of certain substances released by organs and tissues in the body. Abnormal levels can indicate the presence of disease. Blood tests can also assess liver function, kidney function, and bone marrow health.
- Serum tumor marker test: This test measures the levels of specific substances produced by organs, tissues, or tumor cells in the body. In GTD cases, doctors check for beta human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) levels in the blood. Increased levels of beta-hCG may indicate GTD.
- Imaging studies: Doctors may recommend imaging studies like chest x-rays, computed tomography (CT scan), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to see if GTD has spread to other parts of the body. These scans create detailed pictures of organs and structures inside the body.
These examinations and tests provide valuable information about the extent of GTD involvement in different body systems.
It's essential to consult with a doctor to determine which examinations, screening tests, or procedures are appropriate for your specific situation. They will consider your symptoms and medical history to tailor a diagnostic plan that meets your needs.