Breast Cancer HER2 Status
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is a gene that plays a significant role in breast cancer. It creates proteins called HER2 proteins, which are found on the surface of breast cells and promote their growth. In a healthy breast cell, HER2 is responsible for repairing the cell and facilitating its growth. However, when there is a mutation in the HER2 gene, it causes an abnormal increase in the amount of HER2 proteins on the surface of the cells. This abnormal increase in HER2 proteins can lead to uncontrolled growth and division of cells, potentially resulting in breast cancer.
Knowing whether a breast cancer is HER2-positive or HER2-negative is important because it helps doctors determine the most appropriate treatment options. HER2-positive breast cancer tends to be more aggressive than HER2-negative types. High levels of the HER2 gene and the protein receptors it produces encourage rapid growth of cancer cells.
Fortunately, highly effective targeted therapies are now available for treating HER2-positive breast cancer. These therapies specifically target the overexpression of the HER2 gene and have significantly improved outcomes for patients with this type of cancer.
Treatment options for HER2-positive breast cancer may include targeted therapies such as monoclonal antibodies or small molecule inhibitors that specifically block the activity of HER2 proteins, helping to slow down or stop the growth of cancer cells.
It's worth noting that having a close relative with HER2-positive breast cancer does not increase an individual's risk for developing breast cancer or specifically HER2-positive breast cancer. The mutation in the HER2 gene is not inherited.
In summary, understanding the role of HER2 in breast cancer is crucial for determining appropriate treatment options. Identifying whether a breast cancer is HER2-positive or HER2-negative helps guide healthcare providers in selecting targeted therapies that can effectively address this specific type of breast cancer.