Diagnosing Osteosarcoma in Children
Osteosarcoma is a malignant bone tumor that primarily affects children and young people. Specialists who may be involved in diagnosing osteosarcoma in children include pediatric oncologists, orthopedic surgeons, radiologists, and pathologists.
To diagnose osteosarcoma in children, several examinations, screening tests, and procedures are done. These include:
- Medical history and physical exam: The doctor will ask about the child's symptoms and medical history to identify any risk factors that may make osteosarcoma more likely. They will also perform a physical examination to look for visible signs such as swelling and redness.
- Imaging tests: Different imaging tests are used to visualize the tumor area and determine the extent of the disease. These may include:
- X-ray: This allows doctors to see detailed images of the bone tissue..
- Computed tomography (CT) scan: Using a computer attached to an X-ray machine, this test creates detailed images of the tumor area from different angles.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): This imaging test uses a combination of sound waves and powerful magnets to produce detailed images of internal body parts, including soft tissues
- Positron emission tomography (PET) scan: A radioactive dye is injected into the blood to reveal tumors. A special camera then detects radioactive spots that indicate the presence and spread of bone cancer
- Bone scan: This involves injecting radioactive material into a vein, which travels to the bones with cancer. A scanner is used to detect suspicious areas.
- Blood tests: These tests can check for indications that tumors may be growing.
- Biopsy: To confirm a diagnosis of osteosarcoma in children, a biopsy is necessary. A biopsy involves taking a sample of tissue from the tumor for examination under a microscope.
These examinations and tests provide important information about the type, severity, or stage of osteosarcoma in children, helping doctors develop an appropriate treatment plan and make predictions about prognosis and survival rates.
Remember, it's important for parents or caregivers to consult with their child's healthcare team for personalized advice and guidance regarding diagnosis and treatment options for osteosarcoma in children.