Blood Tests That Can Detect Cancer
Blood tests can be used to help detect certain types of cancer. These tests let doctors check different parts of the blood, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, proteins, hormones, and genetic markers. By looking at these parts, doctors can spot signs that might point to cancer. Here are some common blood tests used to detect cancer:
- Complete blood count (CBC): This test measures the numbers of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets in your blood. Changes in these levels can suggest certain types of cancer. For example, a low red blood cell count might show anemia, which can be linked to some cancers.
- Tumor marker tests: These tests measure specific proteins or hormones in the blood that may be made by cancer cells or normal cells reacting to cancer. High levels of these markers can suggest certain types of cancer. However, it's important to note that tumor markers are not always linked to one type of cancer and can also be high due to other non-cancerous conditions.
- Genetic tests: Genetic testing looks for specific changes in your DNA that are connected to certain types of cancer. By studying your DNA, doctors can find genetic changes or mutations that may increase the risk of developing cancer or show a specific type of cancer.
- Blood-based tests: There are newer blood-based tests for colorectal cancer screening for people at average risk of colon cancer. A person’s blood sample is sent to a laboratory to be tested for DNA changes that may suggest pre-cancer cells or cancer cells. It is important to note these tests are screening tests and healthcare professionals will perform additional examinations, tests, or procedures to diagnose colon cancer.
The types of cancers that can be diagnosed through a blood test depends on the specific markers that are being checked. Some common cancers that can be detected through blood tests include breast cancer, colorectal cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer, liver cancer, and stomach cancer.
It's important to note that while blood tests can provide helpful information and raise concerns about the possible presence of cancer, they are not enough to diagnose cancer on their own. If something unusual is found in your blood test results, further tests such as imaging scans or biopsies (removing a small piece of tissue to check for disease) may be needed to confirm the diagnosis.
Remember, always talk with your doctor if you have concerns about your health or if you think you may have symptoms related to cancer. They can guide you on which tests are appropriate for your situation and explain the results clearly.