Complications of Untreated Rheumatoid Arthritis

Overview

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the joints, causing pain, swelling, and stiffness. It is an autoimmune condition, which means that the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues. If left untreated, rheumatoid arthritis can lead to several potential complications. These include:

Joint deformities: Over time the inflammation in the joints can wear away the cartilage and bone, leading to joint deformities and loss of function.
Disability: The progressive joint damage caused by RA can result in significant disability. It may become difficult to perform daily activities such as walking, dressing, or even holding objects.
Cardiovascular disease: People with RA have a higher likelihood of developing conditions like atherosclerosis (narrowing of arteries), pericarditis (inflammation of the heart lining), coronary artery disease (blockage in heart arteries), and myocarditis (inflammation of heart muscle). These conditions can lead to heart attacks, strokes, or other heart-related complications.
Lung problems: Rheumatoid arthritis can also affect the lungs. Inflammation in the lungs can lead to lung disease and scarring, making it difficult to breathe properly.
Increased risk of infections: RA itself weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections. Additionally, some medications used to treat RA can further suppress the immune system, increasing the risk of infections.
Reduced life expectancy: If left untreated or poorly managed, rheumatoid arthritis can impact overall health and quality of life, leading to a reduced life expectancy.

It is important to note that early diagnosis and appropriate treatment play a crucial role in managing rheumatoid arthritis and preventing these complications. If you suspect you have RA or are experiencing symptoms such as joint pain and swelling, it is essential to speak with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment options.